What must be monitored closely during enroute or arrival holding?

Monitoring adherence to the dispatch release during enroute or arrival holding is essential for ensuring safe and efficient flight operations. The dispatch release includes critical parameters such as planned routes, altitude, fuel requirements, and any special instructions pertinent to the flight. By closely observing these details, the flight crew can maintain situational awareness and make informed decisions, particularly in times of holding where adjustments may need to be made.

While flight schedule changes, weather patterns, and fuel availability are important aspects of flight management, they do not directly relate to the specific guidelines and limitations set forth in the dispatch release. The dispatch release serves as a contractual document that outlines the terms of flight operations; therefore, adherence to it helps ensure compliance with operational standards, safety protocols, and legal requirements.